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It
is also known as dry-wet spinning because the filaments first pass through air
and then are cooled further in a liquid bath. Gel spinning is used to make very
strong and other fibers having special characteristics. The polymer here is
partially liquid or in a "gel" state, which keeps the polymer chains
somewhat bound together at various points in liquid crystal form.
This bond further results into strong inter-chain forces in the fiber
increasing its tensile strength. The polymer chains within the fibers also have
a large degree of orientation, which increases its strength. The filaments come
out with an unusual high degree of orientation relative to each other, further
enhancing strength. The high strength polyethylene
fiber and aramid fibers are manufactured
through this process.
Whatever spinning process is applied, the fibers are finally drawn to increase strength and orientation. This may be done while the polymer is still in the process of solidifying or after it has completely cooled down. Drawing pulls the molecular chains together and orients them along the fiber axis, resulting in a considerably stronger yarn.